System files are the most basic group of files which govern the whole operating system of a computer. Registry is a part of it. Windows has got two excellent inbuilt tools to repair the mutated and damaged system files. SFC (System File Check) and DISM are both the command line programs and both need to be run under administrative privileges. While any of these commands are running, the repair of system files takes place in two ways: Offline – within your PC itself and second, Online – By connecting with the Windows server. For that matter, your internet connection must be on while these tools are running. Depending upon the level of corruption, it takes around 15 minutes to 1 hour to complete the scan and repair.

The actual procedure, in brief, is as follows:

   1. Close all the running programs and start Windows in safe mode, as described in the first tutorial
   2. Run SFC from command prompt
   3. If the above step doesn't resolve the issue, run DISM command followed by SFC again
   4. Restart the PC
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Step-By-Step Procedure to Run SFC and DISM:


   1. It is advised that the surgeries should be done in well sterilized rooms. Here also, it is expedient to run these critical scans in a safe mode.  Select 'safe mode with networking' option. Activate your internet connection.
   2. SFC (System File Check) is one of the most frequently used commands. SFC will attempt to repair corrupt system files from cached system32 folder. It requires administrative rights, also known as elevated command prompt.

Right click on the Start button to open the Power User Menu > select Windows PowerShell (Admin) (or Command prompt) and open it
     OR
Click Start button or Win key > type cmd > right click and select run as Administrator
     OR
Open command prompt from Windows Recovery Environment (safe mode)

   3. Type the following command: sfc /verifyonly (Note that there is a space between sfc and slash). Hit Enter. This process takes 18-20 minutes to complete.
   4. If no problems are detected, jump to step no.6 . If the corruption is detected, go to step no. 5
   5. Type the following command: sfc /scannow . Hit Enter.
   6. After the scan reaches 100% mark, one of the following 3 possible outcomes will appear:
   a. No problems detected (Your OS is lucky!)
   b. Problems were detected but they were fixed (You are lucky!)
   c. Problems were detected but they could NOT be fixed. 
sfc /scannow command

   In the event of first 2 outcomes a and b, there is no need to go to further step. Type exit and press enter to exit the command prompt. But if the outcome is c, go to the next step, that is, DISM scan.

7. DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) scan is carried out at 3 levels-

   a. This is a Health Check Up command to check the integrity of the file system. And the procedure is the same as in SFC scan. In the command prompt type and enter-

   DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth (note the spaces)

   b. You can skip this and go directly to ScanHealth command to detect any issues. This command is as follows:

   DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth

   c. Run the last command to correct the issues:

   DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

8. After DISM, Microsoft recommends running SFC operations again.
9. Restart the PC normally.
   
   The article A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE TO FIX COMMON PROBLEMS AND ERRORS IN WINDOWS 10 contains the following tutorials:

   Previous Tutorials:
1. Introduction to Troubleshooting, Safe Mode and Event Viewer
2. Deleting Junk Files
3. Running a Malware Detection Scan Program
   
   Next Tutorials:
4. Running CHKDSK (Checkdisc)
5. Keeping Drivers and Device Manager Updated and Error-Free
6. Enabling and Creating SYSTEM RESTORE
7. Reviving Windows Using a Recovery Flash Drive

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